Chapter One A New Beginning - 1102 Words

CHAPTER ONE A NEW BEGINNING Sweat dripped down my face. The bruises on my back and sides throbbed, my broken ribs screamed in agony. Every breath was a tiny battle, every inhale and exhale evokes a gurgly rattle and a racking cough. All of this pain could be gone with one choice. A single sentence would take away all my bruises, heal my broken bones, even restore my lame leg that I was born with. One sentence. â€Å"I.... I g-grant permission!† I cried, gasping, shoving every last ounce of my strength into those words. Tears were running down my face as pain overwhelmed me at last, and my world faded into a blissful state of nothingness. * * * * * * * * * â€Å"Logan.... Logan! Get up! Are you okay? Oh! Oh God, Oh†¦show more content†¦I was dying, and I didn’t even know how, or why, or when. I began panicking and told myself to calm down. â€Å"Oh, Logan, oh God, oh God, I’m sorry, I-I didn’t know... I didn t think.... I mean, you always healed so fast, but-† The blonde girl blubbered. â€Å"Where am I? Who are you?† I interrupted, wanting to know what happened to me before I bled to death. Maybe if I knew I could fix it. Being logical was the only way I could keep myself from freaking out. The girl sat there, watching me, as if expecting me to say, Ha! Just kidding, I know you!, but I was dead serious - literally. Time passed quickly, as if running from the scene of a dying man and a person he didn t remember. This wasn t going to end well. The sun began to set as the girl sat there, staring at me, dumbfounded. And then, all at once, she began talking again. â€Å"I- I’m Jennif er, remember? I’m your girlfriend...? Do you honestly not know what happened? Did... did my bringing you back make you forget.... I stabbed you with this!!† She cried out now, holding a wooden stake in her hand. The stake was covered in blood, and it had the same metallic smell. â€Å"L-Logan, do you... do you really not remember? Do you really not remember me, or us, or anything? You don’t remember being a vampire? You-† She stopped talking abruptly, and let out a strangled sort of gurgle. Claws were embedded in her throat, sweet, intoxicating blood

Business Opportunities Innovation and Governance

Question: Discuss about the Business Opportunities Innovation and Governance. Answer: Introduction: The market structure for soft drinks in Australia belong to the oligopoly market structure. The explanation is that this market is dominated by few large firms. This market is far from being considered a monopoly in that soft drinks have several substitutes. So the participants lose the ability to utilize monopoly powers. If for instance there was an increase in the price for coca cola products, a consumer may choose to consume other drinks whose prices are lower. The coca cola company in this case may end up losing some market share. Since none of the large participants may be willing to lose some of its market share, the price of soft drinks remain low despite the large number of consumers. Any firm that implements the strategy of cutting prices gains some market share and the other firms are forced to follow to maintain their market share. Since the high demand for soft drinks does not attract high prices, this industry fails to be considered competitive. In competitive markets, price goes up as demand rises. In addition we can conclude that it differs from competitive markets in that we have noted the number of sellers is small and large; the participants for competitive markets are many but small with no influence on the prices. This behavior of only following a price cut strategy but not a price rise one is present in oligopoly market. It can therefore be concluded that its true the market structure for soft drinks in Australia belong to the oligopoly market structure. Oligopoly participants can only compete in terms of output mostly. However they may collude to earn them some monopoly powers. The participants come together and sign agreements to follow price change by the leading firm of their choice (Riley, 2016). Price offered by cartels is higher than when no cartel is practiced as shown in the diagrams below; the kinked demand also vanishes (Welker, 2015). One of the criticism of the kinked demand models is that its beginning of the analysis is on an equilibrium price and quantity of which there is no explanation for the same (Riley, 2016). The second is the fact that it doesnt take into consideration the possibility of collusions which mostly exist in the oligopoly markets (Guru, 2016). The kink is absent with collusion. Price discrimination is not a bad thing. The reason for this is that it acts as a form of income distribution; those with higher incomes are made to pay more for the goods. Those with low income obtained the goods at a lower price. The ability to purchase the goods is maintained for everyone. The government has an important role in perfect markets despite their ability to allocate resources efficiently. The forces of demand and supply that regulates the perfect market without the intervention by the government do not take into consideration the distribution of wealth. Based on the initial wealth endowments, different optimal level may be achieved. If there was a proper distribution of initial wealth endowment, then the optimal point to be achieved would be better. Schlag Mercado (2012) argued that the intervention by the government is required to solve for externalities, redistribution and promoting competition. Externalities cause market failures. An example of externality is air and sound pollution, here the government employs taxes and tradable permits. The government also has an important role in ensuring that there is perfect information (Hargroves and Smith, 2005). Information asymmetry is therefore a source of market failure. Mostly, the concern is on advertising where the government requires that information provided on a product is honest and not manipulative to the consumers. It also make sure that technical information is provided publicly. Steen (1999) noted that markets fail and firms practice monopoly powers. Governments intervention is required in solving this externality by improving resources allocation. Market imperfections is another cause of market failure. The government here uses policies such as antitrust policies or tax policies for RD. The role of the government here is to prevent firms from employing monopoly powers; this is a form of promoting competition. The last cause of market failure is the presence of public goods. Due to their characteristics of being non-rival and non-excludability, they may be underprovided in the absence of the government. The government is the sole provider of public goods. In this case it employs its RD and the public procurement policy. Owing to the harsh threats posed by the impacts of global warming, there are many policies that has been put in place. The gas mostly responsible for global warming is carbon dioxide. The policies are therefore formulated with the aim of reducing its proportion in the atmosphere. One of the policy is shifting from using non-fossil fuels and using other sources of energy that are free from causing additional of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. Some policy recommenders argue on the fact that plant use carbon dioxide to make food. So they recommend reforestation as the best policy (Nordhaus, Dornbush, and Poterba, 1991). The third policy involve the government imposing a carbon tax on the carbon emitters depending on the extent of pollution. This makes them to become cautious. Basing my argument on the analysis above, the poor economic growth represented by low growth rate of GDP, high unemployment rate and the low inflation rate, I would conclude that Australian economy is falling into a recession. There is an inflationary gap since there is still growth of output as government expenditure expands above the equilibrium point of full employment. As we noted earlier that the components of GDP = C + I + G + (X M), any increase in any of these components shift the aggregate demand (AD) curve to the right. The equilibrium in the long run is determined at the point where the AD curve, the Short run average supply curve and the long run average supply curve intersect. The fig: panel (b) above shows only the intersection of LRAS and the SRAS at a price level below P1 and real GDP level Yp. The initial AD curve is taken to be at this equilibrium point. After the inflationary gap caused by expansion in the government expenditure, the new AD curve is AD in panel (b). The AD has shifted to the right along the SRAS. This has resulted in a rise of price from equilibrium to P1. The inflationary gap is represented by (Y1 Yp). In order to close an inflationary gap, the government may either employ some nonintervention policy or stabilization policy (Schmitz, 2012). By nonintervention it means that the government should allow the economy to adjust on itself. Stabilization policy (contractionary policy in this case) include the fiscal and monetary policies that will restore the economy to real GDP potential level. The government may either cut its spending or raise taxes (fiscal policy). Minimum wages have a negative impact on poverty. It is the wage fixed by the government below which firms are not allowed to compensate their workers. Though its aim is to redistribute income, it ends up causing the poverty level to go up. Since the minimum wage is fixed above the equilibrium price and the workers may have unqualified skills to get that salary increment, it raises the cost of hiring. Employers are discouraged from hiring at the high cost and the unemployment gap expands as shown in the figure above (Grannis, 2014). More people are pushed to poverty rather than improving their living standards. References Grannis, M. (2014). Who benefits from minimum wage legislation? | The Libertarian Party of Maryland. [Online] The Libertarian Party of Maryland. Available at: https://lpmaryland.org/benefits-minimum-wage-legislation/ [Accessed 30 Dec. 2016]. Guru, S. (2016). The Kinked Demand Curve Theory of Oligopoly. [Online] YourArticleLibrary.com: The Next Generation Library. Available at: https://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/oligopoly-market/the-kinked-demand-curve-theory-of-oligopoly/37335/ [Accessed 28 Dec. 2016]. Hargroves, K. and Smith, H. (2005). The natural advantage of nations: business opportunities, innovation and governance in the 21st century. London, Earthscan. Nordhaus, D., Dornbush, D. and Poterba, M. (1991). Economic approaches to greenhouse warming. In Global warming: Economic policy approaches. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Riley, G. (2016). Oligopoly - Tacit Collusion. [Online] tutor2u. Available at: https://www.tutor2u.net/economics/reference/oligopoly-tacit-collusion [Accessed 28 Dec. 2016]. Schlag, M. and Mercado, A. (2012). Free markets and the culture of common good. Dordrecht, Springer. https://public.eblib.com/choice/publicfullrecord.aspx?p=972033. Schmitz, A. (2012). Recessionary and Inflationary Gaps and Long-Run Macroeconomic Equilibrium. [Online] 2012books.lardbucket.org. Available at: https://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/macroeconomics-principles-v1.0/s10-03-recessionary-and-inflationary-.html [Accessed 20 Dec. 2016]. Steen, M. (1999). Evolutionary systems of innovations: a Veblian-oriented study into the role of the government factor. Assen, the Netherlands, Van Gorcum. Welker, J. (2015). Ways firms may collude in Oligopolistic markets. [Online] Economics in Plain English. Available at: https://welkerswikinomics.com/blog/2015/02/25/ways-firms-may-collude-in-oligopolistic-markets/ [Accessed 28 Dec. 2016].

The `Liberal Tories Essay Example

The `Liberal Tories Essay A member of the Tory party believes that the monarch and the Church of England is supreme and will respect their authority. Tories are against parliamentary, and social reform, and due to their belief in the superiority of the protestant church of England, they are also strongly against Catholic emancipation, they did not think that Catholics should have the same rights as others just because of their religion. On the other hand, a Liberal favours individual liberty, free trade and moderate parliamentary and social reform, generally, they are not against Catholic emancipation. In conclusion, a Tory and a Liberal have completely opposite beliefs; therefore will be on different sides of the government. Between 1822 and 1827, the Tory government set up many `Liberal reforms in order to try and improve the countrys economy and industry (especially trade). The first set of reforms were the Economic policies. These reforms aimed to improve Britains trading position with the rest of the world based on the introduction of free trade (a liberal policy). Liverpool was known to support this idea, and he argued to reduce tariffs and taxes imposed on imports from abroad. David Ricardo saw free trade as a part of a national crusade to improve the economic condition of Britain, and Adam Smith argued that the less restrictions there are on the development of an economy, the more successful it would become. The Reciprocity of Duties Act in 1823 was the first example of the new liberal reforms set out by the Tory government in order to improve Britains economy, and to stabilise the state. It attempted to change the navigation laws passed in the 17^th century designed to protect British ships from competition from the Dutch. We will write a custom essay sample on The `Liberal Tories specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on The `Liberal Tories specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on The `Liberal Tories specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer In response to this, any European ports excluded British ships from their ports, affecting British trade. The Reciprocity Act of 1823 overcame these obstacles by allowing free entry of foreign ships into Britain. The aim was that not only would it be seen as a gesture of goodwill abroad, it would also reduce the costs of imports to British manufactures hopefully resulting in an increase in the countrys GMP. The next step to improve British trading was to relax the restrictions on trade with Britains colonies, which had previously been under strict control. As a result of Huskissons influence, the colonies ould now trade with foreign countries, however the government attempted to retain their support by ensuring that duties were lower on goods trading between Britain and the colonies than non-Imperial trade. The final economic reform set up by the new `Liberal Tory government was the reduction of domestic duties, influenced by Robinson. Robinsons main focus was the reduction of import duties on a variety of raw materials, customs and excise duties. These reductions aimed to encourage demand and improve economic stability. Robinson managed to reduce indirect taxation on a variety of goods. To some extent, all of these economic reforms do support the view of the new `Liberal Tory government. While improvements in the economy were intended to increase the standard of living, there also had to be improvements in the living and working conditions as well as an attempt to improve the legal system for the government to be labelled `Liberal Tory. In 1824, the first of two major social reforms were set up; the repeal of the Combination Laws. Trade unions had been banned since 1799 because of the government belief that they posed a threat to the stability of the state. However, in 1824, trade unions were set up to protect the interests of the workers against exploitation by the employer. Radical MPs such as Sir Francis Burdett and Joseph Hume believed that once workers rights were reinstated there would be an improvement in the relationship between employer and employee, as a result, in 1824, the combination laws were repealed. The penal code (the judicial system) was in desperate need of reform, over 200 offences carried the death penalty, even for just stealing a piece of bread. Research has shown that some of these `criminals that ad been put to death were in fact innocent. The prisons were filthy and unkempt and in urgent need of improvement. Between 1823 and 1830, Peel as home security passed a whole series of reforms that transformed the rather outdated system he inherited. The penal code was modernised, and the death sentence was abolished for over 180 offences. In 1823, the Gaols (Jails) Act was passed, this improved conditions in the prisons. Finally, Peel established the Metropolitan police in 1829; this attempted to stem the alarming rise in crime in Britain. Overall, the social and economic reforms set up between 1822 and 1827, do support the title `Liberal Tory. But there were still many areas that needed reform that the government did not address, for example the lack of parliamentary reforms and catholic emancipation; making the improvements carried out seem less effective in improving the British economy and the peoples discontent. The title `Liberal Tory contradicts itself, making it seem almost impossible because Liberals and Tories are completely different parties with opposite beliefs and priorities. Liberals favour ndividual liberty, free trade, and parliamentary and social reforms; as well as catholic emancipation. Tories, however support the monarchy and the Church of England, and are against parliamentary and social reform, and catholic emancipation. Liberals and Tories are as opposite as hot and cold, you cannot be both. Finally, although the Tories were responsible for many reforms throughout 1822-27, the period 1815-1822 was not as repressive in comparison as once thought. The period 1822-1823 presented great change for the Tory party. In 1822, Canning replaced Castlereagh as foreign secretary; and Peel eplaced Sidmouth as Home secretary. In 1823, Robinson replaced Vansittart as Chancellor of the Exchequer; and Huskisson became the president of the board of trade. But although these men were new to their senior positions within the party, they were not new to the Tory government; the new men did not regard their position as an opportunity to challenge government philosophy-Evans. The argument that much of the groundwork for the reforms, adjustments and improvements had been put through in train by their allegedly reactionary predecessors and by themselves as subordinates. The real distinction is not philosophical but practical, Huskisson and Peel proved to be more able than their predecessors does not support the partys new title `Liberal Tory, and at the same time supporting the argument that the period 1815-1822 was not as repressive as once thought. Lord Liverpool, who was the British Prime Minister from 1812-1827 did not have the ability to create a new ideology, he was a consolidator rather then and innovator, and although he was responsible for keeping the Tory party together,(made evident by the gradual collapse of the Tory government after his resignation as Prime Minister in 1827, shortly before his death) he seemed happier to follow the guidelines of his predecessors then carry out any ideas of his own in order to try and improve the British economy. Liverpool has been accused of creating unrest by introducing the corn laws and the repeal of income tax, Liverpool was not strong enough to pass the policy of income tax through the government. Liverpools weaknesses support the title of `Liberal Tory because it shows how the new Prime ministers were able to improve the economic and social stability of the state. Between 1822-1827 there were many reforms set up, mostly economic and social. For example, the repeal of the combination laws and the legal reforms as well as the improvements in trade and the reductions in domestic duties. However, even though these reforms were liberal, there was no evidence of commitment to catholic emancipation and parliamentary reforms, which made the governments policies less liberal. The Tories appeared to have set up the economic and social reforms in order to strengthen their rule, and to distract the people from the lack of catholic emancipation and parliamentary reforms. Another argument against the title `Liberal Tory is that some historians believe that there was more consistency than originally thought if 1815-22 was less repressive and 1822-27 was less Liberal. This would mean that there was not such a drastic improvement in the stability of the country; and therefore the Tories would not have been as liberal as they had first appeared. The six acts in December 1819 were seen as one of the repressive acts between 1815-22, but the measures introduced were a commonsense reaction to a dangerous situation and deserve to be looked at in a more positive light in erms of their supposed severity on the radical threat to the regime. This quote supports the argument that the period 1815-22 was not as repressive as once thought. Also, although there were many reforms set up between 1822-27, parliamentary reforms and catholic emancipation were not addressed with any seriousness. This evidence suggests that there was more consistency between 1815 and 1827 because it appears that the first half of this time was not as repressive as once thought and the second half of this period was not as liberal as once thought. In conclusion, compared to the previous actions of the Tory overnment, the reforms set up between 1822 and 1827 were more liberal then they had been previously. However, the years 1815-1822 were less repressive then had previously thought, and although there had been many reforms in the later section that had helped to stabilise the state, there was no commitment to parliamentary reforms and catholic emancipation making the period 1822-1827 less liberal. This meant that overall there was more continuity in the years 1815-1827 and the policies and personalities of the members of the Tory cabinet had remained constant making the title `Liberal Tory less reliable.

How Technological changes affected industry workers in the 19th Century (timed)

How Technological changes affected industry workers in the 19th Century (timed) The 19th Century Industrial WorkerThe late 19th century was a time of great economic advancement in the United States. The United States was out-producing Europe, including Great Britain, France and Germany by overwhelming margins. This capitalist economic machine was powered by thousands of industrial workers. The atmosphere and working conditions that these industrial workers worked in were constantly changing. Technological changes resulted in different working conditions and sparked industrial workers to join labor unions.In the late 19th century, a change slowly occurred in the way in which products were manufactured. No longer were workers themselves making a complete individual product, but rather constructing a small portion of a product. For example, a worker would not build an entire car; instead he would merely put a windshield in. This resulted in monotonous working conditions. In addition to these tedious working conditions, the new automated machines offered a high inju ry risk to workers whose hands or feet might slip into a gear of some sort.English: American Federation of Labor charter for ...Both of these conditions combined with long work hours resulted in a repetitive, life-threatening job. While most eventually ended up quitting their jobs, others searched for a more drastic solution.These workers found their answer in labor unions. These groups of disgruntled workers could (in theory) have power over their employers by being able to organize strikes against their employers. However, in actuality, labor union strikes and protests were often unsuccessful and led to violence. Many times strike-breakers (scabs) were called in by employers to get around any negative economic effects that would normally be imposed upon strikers. So many new immigrants and those without jobs were moving to the city, however, so strikers were often quickly replaced by employers. While labor unions were generally regarded as unsuccessful they did revolutionized the industry. Small...

Case Of Location Choice For Existing Organisation Business Essay

Case Of Location Choice For Existing Organisation Business Essay for an organisation. One of the key features of a conversion process manufacturing system is the efficiency with which the products services are transferred to the customers.This fact will include the determination of where to place the plant or facility.The selection of location is a key-decision as large investment is made in building plant and machinery. It is not advisable or not possible to change the location very often. So an improper location of plant may lead to waste of all the investments made in building and machinery, equipment. Before a location for a plant is selected, long range forecasts should be made anticipating future needs of the company. The plant location should be based on the company’s expansion plan and policy, diversification plan for the products, changing market conditions, the changing sources of raw materials and many other factors that influence the choice of the location decision. The purpose of the location study is to find an optimum locati on one that will result in the greatest advantage to the organization. The need for selecting a suitable location arises because of three situations. When starting a new organisation, i.e., location choice for the first time. In case of existing organisation. In case of Global Location. In Case of Location Choice for the First Time or New Organisations Cost economies are always important while selecting a location for the first time, but should keep in mind the cost of long-term business/organisational objectives. The following are the factors to be considered while selecting the location for the new organisations: Identification of region: The organisational objectives along with the various long-term considerations about marketing, technology, internal organisational strengths and weaknesses, region specific resources and business environment, legal-governmental environment, social environment and geographical environment suggest a suitable region for locating the operations facil ity. Choice of a site within a region: Once the suitable region is identified, the next step is choosing the best site from an available set. Choice of a site is less dependent on the organisation’s long-term strategies. Evaluation of alternative sites for their tangible and intangible costs will resolve facilities-location problem. The problem of location of a site within the region can be approached with the following cost-oriented non-interactive model, i.e., dimensional analysis. Dimensional analysis: If all the costs were tangible and quantifiable, the comparison and selection of a site is easy. The location with the least cost is selected. In most of the cases intangible costs which are expressed in relative terms than in absolute terms. Their relative merits and demerits of sites can also be compared easily. Since both tangible and intangible costs need to be considered for a selection of a site, dimensional analysis is used. In Case of Location Choice for Existing Org anisation In this case a manufacturing plant has to fit into a multi-plant operations strategy. That is, additional plant location in the same premises and elsewhere under following circumstances: Plant manufacturing distinct products. Manufacturing plant supplying to specific market area.

You should use clear, plain language and specific examples from Essay

You should use clear, plain language and specific examples from readings to describe what anthropologists do and how they do it - Essay Example It is important to understand that anthropology in itself is very wide, involving four main fields that include cultural and anthropology, physical, linguistic anthropology as well as archeology. Each of these four fields teaches distinct skills like development of various extensive sets of data. In their studying, anthropologists often specialize in one area so as to understand the concepts in question (Baca, 45). Additionally, anthropologists often focus on certain populations in specific regions. Others often specialize in studying various cultural practices such as how communities create and manage their social, political and economic systems. This paper examines some of the works that anthropologists do and the way they do it in achieving the goals and objectives of their specific fields. After specializing in the different anthropology fields, anthropologists perform different and distinct functions. For instance, physical anthropologists are often concerned with observing various biological behaviors, which become essential in understanding the ongoing process of human evolution and the different adaptations to certain environments like maternal physiological responses to pregnancy. Additionally, it helps them to effectively examine and understand the effects that altitude has on the fetal and maternal well being, thus performing various comparative studies for the physical responses to the residents in different places. Sociocultural anthropologists often examine the social practices and patterns across various cultures, having special interest in the way people live in certain places and how they manage organizing, governing and creating certain meanings (Gellner 43). One of the hallmarks for sociocultural anthropology can be identified through its emphasis on the participant observations that involve placing individuals in the context of research for extended periods. Some of the topics of

Philosophy Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Philosophy Assignment - Essay Example In such extreme expression this relativism may dangerously threaten the efficiency of international law and international remedial systems which had been created during many decades. If the observance of international standards will be regulated by extremely cultural tradition, large-scale disrespect, violation and infringements of human rights will become consecrated by the law. In â€Å"The Challenge of Cultural Relativism† Rachels attacks the trendy idea of cultural relativism: Undoubtedly, this argument is unacceptable because the principle is right, but the conclusion is wrong. So, it does not follow from the simple fact of difference that there is no real truth regarding the matter of incongruity. In process of interaction and mix of cultures the culture of the personality also changes. This process may both enrich and disorient people. Present instability of cultural aspect of the personality reflects fundamental changes in how we today perceive and express themselves. According to Rachels there are three consequences of cultural relativism. He states that if relativism were true â€Å"we could no longer say that the customs of other societies are morally inferior to our own†. Also â€Å"we could decide whether actions are right or wrong just by consulting the standards of our society.† Moreover â€Å"the ideas of moral progress and social reform would be meaningless†. However, many of us don’t want to recognize these consequences. So the conclusion of Rachels is the following: â€Å"cultural relativism is not true†. 2. In â€Å"Active and Passive Euthanasia’† Rachels argues the distinction between two kinds of euthanasia and focuses on the moral difference between killing the patient and letting him die. He discusses the difference between two kinds of euthanasia – the first, so-called â€Å"active†